ABSTRACT

This paper examines the use of Mensi laser-scanning technology for the documentation and restoration of cultural heritage, with particular emphasis on combining the S25 medium-range scanner and GS100 long-range scanner. The study presents the experience of the Malta Centre for Restoration’s 3D Imaging Department through a series of pilot projects involving archaeological sites, architectural structures, and cultural artefacts. Three-dimensional scanning was investigated as a means of monitoring surface erosion and structural movement, producing accurate digital records, supporting conservation and reconstruction, enabling measurements and virtual examination, and facilitating the mapping and presentation of heritage objects. The results demonstrate both the potential and limitations of laser scanning. Problems encountered included noisy or irregular point data, incomplete or poorly defined outlines, difficulties in registering multiple viewpoints, metric error propagation, mesh distortions, and limitations in texture mapping. The study also demonstrates that combining laser scanning with photogrammetry and total-station surveying can compensate for the weaknesses of individual techniques. The Thealasermetry approach used at the Kordin Temples produced integrated datasets in which photogrammetry provided accurate outlines, laser scanning captured detailed surface information, and total-station measurements established an absolute coordinate reference. The findings indicate that a combined, multidisciplinary approach can improve the accuracy, flexibility, and long-term usefulness of three-dimensional documentation for cultural heritage conservation and restoration.

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